CTOPP-2

Comprehensive Test of Phonological Processing-Second Edition

Richard K. Wagner, Joseph K. Torgesen, Ph.D. , Carol A. Rashotte, Ph.D. , Nils A. Pearson, Ph.D.

Assess phonological awareness, phonological memory, and rapid naming


CTOPP-2

Overview

Overview

The CTOPP-2 is a comprehensive instrument designed to assess phonological awareness, phonological memory, and rapid naming. People with deficits in one or more of these areas may have more difficulty reading than those who do not. The CTOPP-2 identifies individuals ages 4 through 24 who may benefit from instructional activities to enhance their phonological skills.

Key Features:

  • Identifies individuals who are significantly below their peers in important phonological abilities
  • Determines strengths and weaknesses among developed phonological processes
  • Documents an individual's progress in phonological processing as a consequence of special intervention programs
  • Serves as a measurement device in research studies investigating phonological processing

Key Areas Measured


Key Areas Measured

  • Blending Words
  • Sound Matching
  • Phoneme Isolation
  • Blending Nonwords
  • Segmenting Nonwords
  • Memory for Digits
  • Nonword Repetition
  • Rapid Digit Naming
  • Rapid Letter Naming
  • Rapid Color Naming
  • Rapid Object Naming
  • Elision

Quick Reference

Age

Age

4 to 24

Administration Type

Administration Type

Self

Administration Time

Administration Time

40 Minutes

Qualification Level

Qualification Level

B

Format(s)

Format(s)

Handscored
Software (Scoring)

Quick Reference

Age

Age

4 to 24

Administration Type

Administration Type

Self

Administration Time

Administration Time

40 Minutes

Qualification Level

Qualification Level

B

Format(s)

Format(s)

Handscored
Software (Scoring)

Components

Components

How To Use

How To Use

Reliability and Validity

Reliability and Validity

Normative Data

Normative Data

The Phonological Awareness Composite Score (PACS) comprises the standard scores of three subtests—Elision, Blending Words, and Sound Matching—for 4- through 6-year-olds, and Elision, Blending Words, and Phoneme Isolation for 7- through 24-year-olds. The PACS represents the examinee’s awareness of and access to the phonological structure of oral language.


The Phonological Memory Composite Score (PMCS) comprises the standard scores of two subtests—Memory for Digits and Nonword Repetition—for all individuals. The PMCS represents the examinee’s ability to code information phonologically for temporary storage in working or short-term memory.


The Rapid Symbolic Naming Composite Score (RSNCS) comprises the standard scores of two subtests—Rapid Digit Naming and Rapid Letter Naming—for all individuals. The RSNCS measures the examinee’s ability to include efficient retrieval of phonological information from long-term or permanent memory and execute a sequence of operations quickly and repeatedly.


The Rapid Non-Symbolic Naming Composite Score (RNNCS) comprises the standard scores of two subtests—Rapid Color Naming and Rapid Object Naming—and offers an alternative for young children, ages 4 through 6, not familiar with letters and numbers. The RNNCS measures the examinee’s ability to efficiently retrieve phonological information from long-term or permanent memory and to execute a sequence of operations quickly and repeatedly using objects and colors.


The Alternate Phonological Awareness Composite Score (APACS), an alternate composite for measuring phonological awareness, is available for 7- through 24-year-olds. It is formed by combining the scaled scores from Blending Nonwords and Segmenting Nonwords. The APACS measures the examinee’s phonological awareness exclusively with nonwords.

The CTOPP-2 yields six types of normative scores: age equivalents, grade equivalents, percentile ranks, subtest scaled scores, composite indexes, and developmental scores. Percentile ranks are easily understood by parents and others with whom the examiner might want to share the results. Subtest scaled scores have a mean of 10 and a standard deviation of 3. The composite score indexes have a mean of 100 and a standard deviation of 15. Age and grade equivalents show the relative standing of individuals' scores. A new Rasch-based developmental score is now available for the non-speeded subtests.

Reliability

Reliability of the CTOPP-2 subtests and composites was demonstrated by average internal consistency coefficients presented for the subtests, exceeding .80 in all cases except Nonword Repetition, which had an average alpha of .77. The average internal consistency coefficients for the composites were all .85 or higher, a highly desirable level for reliability.


Validity

Validity of the CTOPP-2 subtests and composites was demonstrated by correlations to measures directly related to the constructs measured by the CTOPP-2. The average coefficients for the subtests range from .49 (moderate) to .84 (very large); those for the composites range from .65 (large) to .76 (very large) in magnitude.

All new normative data were collected in 2008 and 2009. The test was normed on 1,900 individuals ranging in age from 6 through 24 years. The demographic characteristics of the sample conform to those of the population reported in the Statistical Abstract of the United States and are representative of the U.S. population.

Pricing
Online

Online

Assess easily online from anywhere. Includes automatic scoring and report generation.

Software

Software

Requires software. Includes automatic scoring and report generation.

Handscored

Handscored

QuikScore forms are scored by hand without reports.

Starter Kits
Certification

Starter Kits

Simulations

Simulations

Kits

CTOPP-2 Complete Kit

Examiner’s Manual, 25 Examiner Record Booklets for ages 4 through 6, 25 Examiner Record Booklets for ages 7 through 24, Picture Book, and 2 CDs, all in a sturdy storage box.

Handscored
USD: $423.00

Forms

CTOPP-2 Examiner Record Form (7-24)

Handscored
USD: $88.00
(Sold in packs of 25)

CTOPP-2 Examiner Record Form (4-6)

Handscored
USD: $88.00
(Sold in packs of 25)

Ortiz PVAT Licenses

Ortiz PVAT Licenses

Online Scoring

Online Scoring

Supplementary Materials

Supplementary Materials

Other Materials

Other Materials

CTOPP-2 Picture Book

Default Title
USD:
$109.00

CTOPP-2 Examiner's Manual

Default Title
USD:
$124.00